Infection with white spot syndrome virus affects the microbiota in the stomachs and intestines of kuruma shrimp

Guo-Juan Niu; Ming Yan; Cang Li; Peng-Yuan Lu; Zhongtang Yu; Jin-Xing Wang

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156233

Infection with white spot syndrome virus affects the microbiota in the stomachs and intestines of kuruma shrimp

Sci Total Environ. 2022 Sep 15:839:156233. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156233. Epub 2022 May 28.

Authors

Guo-Juan Niu¹, Ming Yan², Cang Li¹, Peng-Yuan Lu¹, Zhongtang Yu³, Jin-Xing Wang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China.
² Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States.
³ Department of Animal Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, United States. Electronic address: yu.226@osu.edu.
⁴ Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Cells and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, China. Electronic address: jxwang@sdu.edu.cn.

PMID: 35636540
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.156233

Abstract

Maintaining eubiosis of the gastrointestinal (GI) microbiota is essential for animal health. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is the most lethal viral pathogen because it causes extremely high mortality in shrimp farming. However, it remains poorly understood how WSSV infection affects the microbiota in different regions of the GI tract of shrimp. In the present study, we established an experimental model of kuruma shrimp (Marsupenaeus japonicus) infection with WSSV and then investigated the effects of WSSV infection on the microbiota in the cardiac stomach, pyloric stomach, and intestines using metataxonomics. We identified 34 phyla and 576 genera of bacteria collectively. At the phylum level, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes were the most abundant in all the three GI segments. The WSSV infection decreased microbial diversity to a different extent in the stomachs and in a time-dependent manner. The infection with WSSV affected the microbiota composition in the two stomachs, but not the intestines. Firmicutes increased significantly, while Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria decreased in the two stomachs of the WSSV-infected shrimp. At the genus level, Trichococcus and Vibrio increased, but Bradyrhizobium and Roseburia decreased in the cardiac stomach of the WSSV-infected shrimp. Trichococcus and Photobacterium increased in the pyloric stomach. Although Vibrio showed a slight downward trend, Aliivibrio (formerly Vibrio) increased in the pyloric stomach. Thiothrix, Fusibacter, and Shewanella decreased in the pyloric stomach, but no significant differences in these genera were detected in the cardiac stomach. Analysis of the predicted functions of the GI microbiota indicated that the WSSV infection resulted in losses of some microbiota functions. The new information from this study may help better understand the bacteria-virus interaction in the GI tract of shrimp and other crustacean species, and inform pathogen prevention/control and sustainable aquaculture production.

Keywords: Cardiac stomach; Intestines; Marsupenaeus japonicus; Microbiota; Pyloric stomach; White spot syndrome virus.

MeSH terms

Animals
Gastrointestinal Microbiome*
Intestines
Penaeidae* / microbiology
Stomach
White spot syndrome virus 1*