Predicting Intensive Care Unit Admission for COVID-19 Patients from Laboratory Results

Basmah M Azad Allarakia; Hattan S Gattan; Rawan H Abdeen; Bassam M Al-Ahmadi; Abdullah F Shater; Mohammed B Bazaid; Omar W Althomali; Abdulrahman S Bazaid

doi:10.1155/2022/4623901

Predicting Intensive Care Unit Admission for COVID-19 Patients from Laboratory Results

Dis Markers. 2022 May 26:2022:4623901. doi: 10.1155/2022/4623901. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Basmah M Azad Allarakia¹, Hattan S Gattan^{2

3}, Rawan H Abdeen⁴, Bassam M Al-Ahmadi⁵, Abdullah F Shater⁶, Mohammed B Bazaid⁷, Omar W Althomali⁸, Abdulrahman S Bazaid⁹

Affiliations

¹ Medical Department, Althagar General Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
² Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
³ Special Infectious Agents Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Diagnostic Radiology Technology Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Medina, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia.
⁷ Pediatric Department, East Jeddah Hospital, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Department of Physiotherapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Applied Medical Science, University of Hail, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Trends in routine laboratory tests, such as high white blood cell and low platelet counts, correlate with COVID-19-related intensive care unit (ICU) admissions. Other related biomarkers include elevated troponin, alanine aminotransferase, and aspartate transaminase levels (liver function tests). To this end, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of changes in laboratory test parameters on ward-based and ICU COVID-19 patients. A total of 280 COVID-19 patients were included in the study and were divided based on admission status into ICU (37) or ward (243) patients. ICU admission correlated significantly with higher levels of several tested parameters, including lactate dehydrogenase, creatinine, D-dimer, creatine kinase, white blood cell count, and neutrophil count. In conclusion, routine laboratory tests offer an indication of which COVID-19 patients are most likely to be admitted to the ICU. These associations can assist healthcare providers in addressing the needs of patients who are at risk of COVID-19 complications.

MeSH terms

COVID-19*
Critical Care
Hospitalization
Humans
Intensive Care Units
Retrospective Studies