The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic complications after laparoscopic resection in colorectal cancer in Japanese hospitals: A large-scale clinical study

Ann Gastroenterol Surg. 2021 Dec 12;6(3):396-404. doi: 10.1002/ags3.12531. eCollection 2022 May.

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic complications after laparoscopic resection in colorectal cancer.

Methods: This study involved 2017 patients with stages 0-III colorectal cancer who underwent laparoscopic surgery at 17 Japanese hospitals between January 2010 and December 2013. We assessed the incidence of postoperative cardiovascular thrombotic and haemorrhagic complications.

Results: Laparoscopic surgeries were performed in 1152 men and 865 women with 1405 colon and 612 rectal cancers, respectively. Overall, 3%, 38%, 17%, 8%, and 9% of patients had comorbidities of heart failure, high blood pressure, diabetes, history of stroke, and vascular disease, respectively. Antithrombotic agents were being consumed by 17% of patients. The types (and perioperative rest periods) of the antithrombotic agents were aspirin in 58% (18.6 days), clopidogrel in 19% (21.1 days), cilostazol in 13% (13.3 days), and warfarin potassium in 21% (14.6 days) of cases with antithrombotic agents. Surgical time and blood loss in the total cohort were 234 minutes and 56 mL. Four cases (0.2%) had cardiovascular thrombotic complications, including one severe cardiac infarction and one stroke with major sequelae (CHADS2 scores were 2 points in both cases). Hemorrhagic complications occurred in 19 cases (0.9%). In particular, the incidence of the major gastroduodenal haemorrhagic ulcer was higher in cases with antithrombotic agents than without them (0.05% vs 0%, P = .02).

Conclusion: The incidence of cardiovascular thrombotic complications was rare, although severe cardiac infarction and stroke could occur even after minimally invasive surgery in colorectal cancer.

Keywords: colorectal neoplasms; ischemic heart disease; laparoscopy; stroke; thrombosis.