Comparison of Assist/Control Ventilation with and without Volume Guarantee in Term or Near-Term Infants

Am J Perinatol. 2024 May;41(S 01):e174-e179. doi: 10.1055/a-1862-0078. Epub 2022 May 25.

Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effects of volume guarantee (VG) combined with assist/control (AC) ventilation to AC alone on hypocarbia episodes and extubation success in infants born at or near term.

Methods: In this prospective cohort study, infants >34 weeks of gestation at birth, who were born in our hospital supported by synchronized, time-cycled, pressure limited, assist/control ventilation (AC) or assist-controlled VG mechanical ventilation (AC + VG) were included. After admission, infants received either AC or VG + AC using by Leoni Plus ventilator. The ventilation mode was left to the clinician. In the AC group, peak airway pressure was set clinically. In the VG + AC group, desired tidal volume was set at 5 mL/kg, with the ventilator adjusting peak inspiratory pressure to deliver this volume. The study was completed once the patient extubated.

Results: There were 35 patients in each group. Incidence of hypocarbia was lower in the VG + AC compared with AC (%17.1 and 22.8%, respectively) but statistically not significant. Out-of-range partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2) levels were lower in the VG + AC group and it reached borderline statistical significance (p = 0.06). The median extubation time was 70 (42-110) hours in the VG + AC group, 89.5 (48.5-115.5) hours in the AC group, and it did not differ between groups (p = 0.47).

Conclusion: We found combining AC and VG ventilation compared with AC ventilation alone yielded similar hypocarbia episodes and extubation time for infants of >34 gestational weeks with borderline significance lower out-of-range PCO2 incidence.

Key points: · Underlying lung pathology requiring mechanical ventilation support in term infant is heterogeneous.. · VG ventilation compared with conventional modes yielded similar hypocarbia episodes in term infants.. · Combining VG ventilation lead to borderline significance lower out-of-range PCO2 incidence..

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Airway Extubation
  • Carbon Dioxide / blood
  • Female
  • Gestational Age
  • Humans
  • Hypocapnia
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature
  • Interactive Ventilatory Support / methods
  • Male
  • Prospective Studies
  • Respiration, Artificial / methods
  • Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / therapy
  • Term Birth
  • Tidal Volume*