A poor diet quality is associated with more gas-related symptoms and a decreased quality of life in French adults

Soline Chaumont; Laurent Quinquis; Bénédicte Monnerie; Chloé Six; Pascale Hébel; Olivier Chassany; Martin Duracinsky; Boris Le Nevé

doi:10.1017/S0007114522001593

A poor diet quality is associated with more gas-related symptoms and a decreased quality of life in French adults

Br J Nutr. 2022 May 23;129(4):1-27. doi: 10.1017/S0007114522001593. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Soline Chaumont¹, Laurent Quinquis¹, Bénédicte Monnerie², Chloé Six³, Pascale Hébel³, Olivier Chassany⁴, Martin Duracinsky⁴, Boris Le Nevé¹

Affiliations

¹ Danone Nutricia Research, Palaiseau, France.
² Excelya, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
³ CREDOC, Centre de Recherche pour l'Etude et l'Observation des Conditions de vie, Paris, France.
⁴ Patient-Reported Outcomes Research Unit, Unité de Recherche Clinique en Economie de la Santé (URC-ECO), Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, AP-HP, Université de Paris, Paris, France.

Abstract

This study evaluated the association between dietary patterns, Gas-Related Symptoms (GRS) and their impact on quality of life (QoL) in a representative sample (n=936) of the French adult population. During the 2018-2019 "Comportements et Consommations Alimentaires en France" (CCAF) survey (Behaviors and Food Consumption in France), online evaluation of GRS in adult participants was performed using the validated Intestinal Gas Questionnaire (IGQ), which captures the perception of GRS and their impact on QoL via 6 symptom dimensions scores (range 0-100; 100=worse) and a global score (mean of the sum of the 6 symptom dimensions scores). Socio-demographics, lifestyle parameters and dietary habits (7-day e-food diary) were also collected online. Quality of diet was determined using the NRF9.3 score (range 0-900; 900=best). Univariate and multivariate linear regression models were applied to identify factors associated with IGQ global score. K-means was used to identify clusters of subjects based on their dietary records. Data from 936 adults who completed both the IGQ and the food diary showed a mean (SD) IGQ global score of 11.9 (11.2). Younger age and female gender were associated with a higher IGQ global score. Only 7% of subjects reported no symptom at all and nearly 30% of study participants reported a high impact of GRS on their QoL. Two dietary clusters were identified: cluster1, characterized by a higher consumption of fruits and vegetables, lower sugars intake and higher NRF9.3 score and cluster 2, characterized by higher intake of sugars, lower intake in dietary fibers and lower NRF9.3 score. The IGQ global score was lower in cluster1 and higher in cluster2 vs. the total sample average (p<0.001). Prevalence of GRS in the French adult population is high and is associated with impaired QoL and dietary patterns. A change in food habits towards healthier patterns could help reducing the burden of GRS.

Keywords: Dietary patterns; IGQ; Intestinal Gas Questionnaire; diet quality index; digestive symptoms; general population.