An α-diiminato germylene family: syntheses, structures, and reactivity towards C-C coupled digermylene and digermylene oxide

Dalton Trans. 2022 Jun 7;51(22):8671-8679. doi: 10.1039/d2dt00981a.

Abstract

The synthesis and reactivity of a rigid α-diiminate ligand supported chlorogermylene 2 were demonstrated. The reaction of 2 with hydride donor K[BH(sBu)3] yielded a hydride addition product, a five-membered 6π-aromatic germylene 3. A nonaromatic germylene 4 was produced by dehydrochlorination of 2 with KN(SitBuMe2)2. Halide abstraction with AlCl3 from 2 afforded a cationic germylene 5, and the reduction of 2 with potassium led to a C-C coupled digermylene 6via a radical coupling pathway. Hydrolysis of 2 in the presence of NHC ((tBu-NCH)2C:) gave digermylene oxide 7. DFT investigations of central GeII-rings in molecules 3-5 provided the details of frontier molecular orbitals. The energy level of the lone pair on the Ge atom in 3 is slightly higher than that in 4, indicating that 3 is the stronger σ-donor than 4. Digermylene 6 and its diastereoisomer 6a feature trans-bent and gauche-bent configurations along their axially chiral C-C bonds, respectively. The conformational and cis-trans isomerism was observed by the isolation of crystal structures 7 and 7a because of intramolecular steric hindrance.