Advances in genotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro

Jiaqi Shi; Shuo Han; Jiahe Zhang; Ying Liu; Zhangjian Chen; Guang Jia

doi:10.1016/j.impact.2021.100377

Advances in genotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in vivo and in vitro

NanoImpact. 2022 Jan:25:100377. doi: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100377. Epub 2021 Dec 17.

Authors

Jiaqi Shi¹, Shuo Han¹, Jiahe Zhang¹, Ying Liu², Zhangjian Chen³, Guang Jia¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
² CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety and CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, PR China.
³ Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China. Electronic address: zhangjianchen@pku.edu.cn.

PMID: 35559883
DOI: 10.1016/j.impact.2021.100377

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO₂ NPs) are currently one of the most widely used nanomaterials. Due to an increasing scope of applications, the exposure of humans to TiO₂ NP is inevitable, such as entering the body through the mouth with food additives or drugs, invading the damaged skin with cosmetics, and entering the body through the respiratory tract during the process of production and handling. Compared with TiO₂ coarse particles, TiO₂ NPs have stronger conductivity, reaction activity, photocatalysis, and permeability, which may lead to greater toxicity to organisms. Given that TiO₂ was classified as a category 2B carcinogen (possibly carcinogenic to humans), the genotoxicity of TiO₂ NPs has become the focus of attention. There have been a series of previous studies investigating the potential genotoxicity of TiO₂ NPs, but the existing research results are still controversial and difficult to conclude. More than half of studies have shown that TiO₂ NPs can cause genotoxicity, suggesting that TiO₂ NPs are likely to be genotoxic to humans. And the genotoxicity of TiO₂ NPs is closely related to the exposure concentration, mode and time, and experimental cells/animals as well as its physicochemical properties (crystal type, size, and shape). This review summarized the latest research progress of related genotoxic effects through in vivo studies and in vitro cell tests, hoping to provide ideas for the evaluation of TiO₂ NPs genotoxicity.

Keywords: Environmental exposure; Genotoxicity; In vitro; In vivo; Titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
DNA Damage
Metal Nanoparticles* / toxicity
Titanium / toxicity

Substances

titanium dioxide
Titanium