Electrochemical biosensor with electrokinetics-assisted molecular trapping for enhancing C-reactive protein detection

Horn-Jiunn Sheen; Bivas Panigrahi; Tsung-Rong Kuo; Wei-Chen Hsu; Pei-Shan Chung; Qiu-Zhe Xie; Ching-Yu Lin; Yu-Sheng Chang; Chih-Ting Lin; Yu-Jui Fan

doi:10.1016/j.bios.2022.114338

Electrochemical biosensor with electrokinetics-assisted molecular trapping for enhancing C-reactive protein detection

Biosens Bioelectron. 2022 Aug 15:210:114338. doi: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114338. Epub 2022 May 6.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Institute of Applied Mechanics, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
² Department of Refrigeration, Air Conditioning and Energy Engineering, National Chin-Yi University of Science and Technology, Taiping Dist., Taichung City, 41170, Taiwan. Electronic address: bivas@ncut.edu.tw.
³ Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Bioengineering, University of California at Los Angeles, 420 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
⁵ Department of Electrical Engineering, Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
⁶ PhD Program in Medical Biotechnology, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
⁷ Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Shuang Ho Hospital, 291 Zhongzheng Rd, Zhonghe District, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
⁸ School of Biomedical Engineering, International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering, International PhD Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing St., Taipei, 11031, Taiwan. Electronic address: ray.yj.fan@tmu.edu.tw.

PMID: 35550939
DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114338

Abstract

C-Reactive protein (CRP) is an essential biomarker relevant to various disease prognoses. Current biosensors require a significant amount of time for detecting CRP. To address this issue, this work proposes electrokinetic flow-assisted molecule trapping integrated with an impedance biosensor, where a driving signal in terms of a gated sine wave is provided to circularly arranged electrodes which detect proteins. To verify the biosensor's efficacy, protein aggregation on the electrode surface was evaluated through a fluorescence analysis and measurement of the electrochemical impedance spectrum (EIS). The fluorescence analysis with avidin showed that target samples largely accumulated on the electrode surface upon provision of the driving signal. The EIS measurement of CRP accumulation on the electrode surface further confirmed a significant electrokinetic phenomenon at the electrode/electrolyte interface. Even at the low CRP concentration of 10 pg/ml, the proposed device's sensitivity and reliability were as high as 3.92 pg/ml with a signal-to noise ratio (SNR) of ≥3, respectively. In addition, the protein detection time (without considering the preparation time) was minimized to as low as 90 s with the proposed device. This device's advantage is its minimal time consumption, and simple drop-analysis process flow; hence, it was used for monitoring clinical serum samples.

Keywords: C-Reactive protein; Dielectrophoresis; Electro-thermal convection; Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS); Preconcentration.

MeSH terms

Biosensing Techniques*
C-Reactive Protein / analysis
Electrochemical Techniques
Electrodes
Reproducibility of Results

Substances

C-Reactive Protein