Objective: To investigate the detection of suspected occupational diseases and occupational contraindications for benzene workers in Tianjin. Methods: In June 2020, the occupational health inspection data of 16113 benzene workers in 514 enterprises with benzene hazards in 16 municipal districts in Tianjin from January to December 2019 were included in the analysis. Enterprise information included the employer's region, economic type, industry classification and enterprise scale. Occupational health inspection data for benzene workers during their on-the-job period included routine inspection indicators and benzene special inspection indicators. Multivariate unconditional logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between personal general information, occupational history, enterprise information and suspected benzene poisoning and occupational contraindications of benzene workers. Results: There were 16073 benzene workers in the normal group and 24 in the suspected benzene poisoning group. The detection rate of suspected benzene poisoning in females was higher than that in males (χ(2)=8.26, P=0.004) . There was no significant difference in the detection rates of suspected benzene poisoning among different dimensions such as age, length of service, occupational health inspection institution location, employer location, industry classification, economic type, and enterprise scale (P>0.05) . There were 16073 benzene workers in the normal group and 16 in the benzene contraindication group. The detection rate of benzene contraindications for workers in suburban areas where occupational health inspection institutions were located was higher than that in urban areas (χ(2)=9.71, P=0.002) , and there was no significant difference in the detection rates of contraindications for benzene in other dimensions (P>0.05) . Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that female benzene workers were more likely to detect suspected benzene poisoning (OR=3.53, 95%CI: 1.57-7.94, P=0.002) ; benzene workers who received physical examination in suburban occupational health inspection institutions (OR=5.81, 95%CI: 1.94-17.42, P=0.002) , the employer's area was in the suburbs (OR=9.68, 95%CI: 1.23-76.07, P=0.031) , and female workers (OR=3.07, 95%CI: 1.13-8.37, P=0.028) , it was easier to detect occupational contraindications. Conclusion: Female benzene workers with employers located in the suburbs have a higher risk of detecting occupational contraindications, and women are more likely to detect suspected benzene poisoning. The management of benzene operations in the production environment of enterprises in the suburbs of Tianjin and the occupational health monitoring of female workers should be strengthened.
目的： 探讨天津市苯作业工人疑似职业病和职业禁忌证检出情况。 方法： 于2020年6月，将2019年1至12月天津市16个市辖区514家存在苯危害企业16 113名苯作业工人在岗期间职业健康检查资料纳入分析，企业信息包括用人单位所属地区、经济类型、行业分类和企业规模；苯作业工人在岗期间职业健康检查资料包括常规检查指标和苯专项检查指标。用多因素非条件logistic回归分析苯作业工人个人一般信息、职业史、企业信息与工人出现疑似苯中毒、职业禁忌证的关系。 结果： 苯作业工人正常组16 073人，疑似苯中毒组24人。女性疑似苯中毒检出率高于男性（χ(2)=8.26，P=0.004），不同年龄、工龄、职业健康检查机构所在地区、用人单位所属地区、行业分类、经济类型和企业规模等维度疑似苯中毒检出率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。苯作业工人正常组16 073人，苯作业禁忌证组16人。职业健康检查机构所在地区为郊区的工人苯作业禁忌证检出率高于市区（χ(2)=9.71，P=0.002），其他维度苯作业禁忌证检出率差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，女性苯作业工人更容易检出疑似苯中毒（OR=3.53，95%CI：1.57~7.94，P=0.002）；在郊区的职业健康检查机构体检的苯作业工人（OR=5.81，95%CI：1.94~17.42，P=0.002），用人单位所属地区为郊区（OR=9.68，95%CI：1.23~76.07，P=0.031），以及女性工人（OR=3.07，95%CI：1.13~8.37，P=0.028）更容易检出职业禁忌证。 结论： 用人单位位于郊区的女性苯作业工人检出职业禁忌证的风险较高，且女性更易检出疑似苯中毒，应重点加强天津市郊区企业生产环境中苯作业的管理以及女性作业人员的职业健康监护。.
Keywords: Benzene; Occupational contraindication; Occupational exposure; Suspected occupational disease.