A Shared Prebiotic Formation of Neopterins and Guanine Nucleosides from Pyrimidine Bases

Chemistry. 2022 Jul 11;28(39):e202200714. doi: 10.1002/chem.202200714. Epub 2022 May 25.

Abstract

The prebiotic origins of biopolymers and metabolic co-factors are key questions in Origins of Life studies. In a simple warm-little-pond model, using a drying phase to produce a urea-enriched solution, we present a prebiotic synthetic path for the simultaneous formation of neopterins and tetrahydroneopterins, along with purine nucleosides. We show that, in the presence of ribose and in a formylating environment consisting of urea, ammonium formate, and water (UAFW), the formation of neopterins from pyrimidine precursors is robust, while the simultaneous formation of guanosine requires a significantly higher ribose concentration. Furthermore, these reactions provide a tetrahydropterin-pterin redox pair. This model suggests a prebiotic link in the origin of purine nucleosides and pterin cofactors that provides a possible deep prebiotic temporal connection for the emergence of nucleic acids and metabolic cofactors.

Keywords: RNA world; guanosine; origins of life; phosphorylation; pterins.

MeSH terms

  • Guanine*
  • Neopterin*
  • Nucleosides*
  • Purine Nucleosides
  • Pyrimidines*
  • Ribose
  • Urea

Substances

  • Nucleosides
  • Purine Nucleosides
  • Pyrimidines
  • Guanine
  • Neopterin
  • Ribose
  • Urea