Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted substantial attention recently owing to their excellent bioavailability and low toxicity. In the present study, Oudemansiella raphanipies polysaccharide (ORPS)-decorated selenium nanoparticles (ORPS-SeNPs) were synthesized, and their physicochemical, storage stability, and antiproliferative activities were assessed by cell cytotoxicity and apoptosis experiments. The results revealed that orange-red, zero-valent, amorphous and spherical SeNPs with a mean diameter of approximately 60 nm were successfully prepared by using ORPS as a capping agent. Furthermore, the ORPS-SeNPs solution stored at 4 °C in the dark was stable for at least 90 days. Moreover, ORPS-SeNPs treatment inhibited the proliferation of four cancer cell lines in a dose-dependent manner, while no significant cytotoxicity towards human mesangial cell (HMC) cell lines was observed. Compared with their sensitivities to the other cancer cell lines (SGC-7901 and HT-29), the sensitivity of ORPS-SeNPs towards 786-O cells was higher, with an IC50 value of 18.88 ± 1.52 mg/L. Furthermore, the apoptotic pathway triggered by ORPS-SeNPs in 786-O cells was determined to be induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS) imbalance and mitochondria-mediated pathways and to eventually result in cellular oxidative stress damage. The results of this study suggest that ORPS-SeNPs can be developed as a potential treatment for cancer, especially human renal carcinoma.
Keywords: Cytotoxicity; Oudemansiella raphanipies polysaccharide; Selenium nanoparticles.
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