Difference of chronotypes makes influence to cognitive performance of individuals in routine duties. In this paper, 55 subjects with different chronotypes were subjected to continuous sleep deprivation for 30 h by using the constant routine protocol, during which core body temperature was measured continuously, and subjective sleepiness self-rating and the performance of selective attention were measured hourly. The results showed that the phase difference of core body temperature has no significant difference, yet the amplitude and term difference among the three chronotypes are significant. There was an advance in phase between subjective sleepiness self-rating and core body temperature, and the self-rating sleepiness of evening type came the latest, and the self-rating sleepiness of morning type dissipated the fastest. The response time of selective attention showed a 2 h phase delay with subjective sleepiness self-rating. And the analysis of core body temperature showed that the later the chronotype was, the greater the phase delay was. The correct rate of selective attention of different chronotypes were inconsistent with delay of subjective sleepiness self-rating and core body temperature. We provide reference for industry, aviation, military, medical and other fields to make a more scientific scheduling/ shifting based on cognitive performance characteristics of different chronotypes.
睡眠类型的差异会影响个体日常认知绩效表现。本文采用固定作息法对55名不同睡眠类型受试者连续睡眠剥夺30 h，其间不间断测量核心体温，每小时测量主观嗜睡自评和选择性注意绩效。结果表明，三种睡眠类型核心体温相位差异较小，而振幅和周期差异较大；主观嗜睡自评与核心体温存在相位提前，并且夜晚型自评嗜睡感到来得最迟，早晨型自评嗜睡感消散得最快；选择性注意反应时皆与主观嗜睡自评呈现2 h相位延迟，并且对核心体温的分析显示，睡眠类型越晚，相位延迟越大；不同睡眠类型选择性注意正确率与主观嗜睡自评、核心体温延迟不一致。本研究根据不同睡眠类型的不同认知绩效特征，为工业、航空、军事、医疗等各领域制定更科学排班/轮班提供参考。.
Keywords: Chronotype; Circadian rhythm; Homeostasis; Selective attention; Sleep deprivation.