In vitro cytotoxicity and antibiotic application of green route surface modified ferromagnetic TiO2 nanoparticles

A K M Atique Ullah; A N Tamanna; A Hossain; M Akter; M F Kabir; A R M Tareq; A K M Fazle Kibria; Masaaki Kurasaki; M M Rahman; M N I Khan

doi:10.1039/c9ra01395d

In vitro cytotoxicity and antibiotic application of green route surface modified ferromagnetic TiO₂ nanoparticles

RSC Adv. 2019 Apr 30;9(23):13254-13262. doi: 10.1039/c9ra01395d. eCollection 2019 Apr 25.

Authors

A K M Atique Ullah^{1

2}, A N Tamanna³, A Hossain⁴, M Akter⁵, M F Kabir³, A R M Tareq⁶, A K M Fazle Kibria⁷, Masaaki Kurasaki⁵, M M Rahman³, M N I Khan⁸

Affiliations

¹ Nanoscience and Technology Research Laboratory, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh atique.chem@gmail.com atique.chem@baec.gov.bd.
² Analytical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh.
³ Department of Physics, University of Dhaka Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh.
⁴ Department of Physical and Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University 620000 Yekaterinburg Russia.
⁵ Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University 060-0810 Sapporo Japan.
⁶ Environmental Organic Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh.
⁷ Nuclear Safety, Security and Safeguards Division, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1207 Bangladesh.
⁸ Materials Science Division, Atomic Energy Centre, Bangladesh Atomic Energy Commission Dhaka 1000 Bangladesh.

Abstract

The enormous numbers of applications of TiO₂ nanoparticles (NPs) cause concern about their risk to the environment and human health. Consequently, motivated by the necessity of searching for new sources of TiO₂ NPs of low cytotoxicity with antibacterial activity, we synthesized TiO₂ NPs by a green route using a solution of titanium(iv) isopropoxide as a precursor and an aqueous extract of Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf as a reducing and surface modifying agent. We investigated their structure, shape, size, and magnetic properties, and evaluated their antibiotic application and cytotoxicity. The synthesized TiO₂ NPs were applied against two Gram-negative bacteria (E. coli and S. typhimurium) and two Gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus and B. subtilis) to observe their antibacterial activity; and eventually clear zones of inhibition formed by the TiO₂ NPs were obtained. Moreover, after exposing the synthesized TiO₂ NPs to HeLa cells (carcinoma cells) and Vero cells (normal cells), no toxic effect was found up to a dose of 1000 mg L^-1, indicating the safe use of the samples up to at least 1000 mg L^-1. However, toxic effects on HeLa cells and Vero cells were observed at doses of 2000 mg L^-1 and 3000 mg L^-1, respectively. These results indicate the safe use of Artocarpus heterophyllus leaf extract mediated synthesized TiO₂ NPs in their potential applications.