Fabrication of Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane Using Lignin-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles in Biopolymer Matrix for Antimicrobial Activity

Bushra Bilal; Rimsha Niazi; Sohail Nadeem; Muhammad Asim Farid; Muhammad Shahid Nazir; Toheed Akhter; Mohsin Javed; Ayesha Mohyuddin; Abdul Rauf; Zulfiqar Ali; Syed Ali Raza Naqvi; Nawshad Muhammad; Eslam B Elkaeed; Hala A Ibrahium; Nasser S Awwad; Sadaf Ul Hassan

doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.837858

Fabrication of Guided Tissue Regeneration Membrane Using Lignin-Mediated ZnO Nanoparticles in Biopolymer Matrix for Antimicrobial Activity

Front Chem. 2022 Apr 19:10:837858. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.837858. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Bushra Bilal¹, Rimsha Niazi², Sohail Nadeem², Muhammad Asim Farid³, Muhammad Shahid Nazir¹, Toheed Akhter², Mohsin Javed², Ayesha Mohyuddin², Abdul Rauf², Zulfiqar Ali⁴, Syed Ali Raza Naqvi⁵, Nawshad Muhammad⁶, Eslam B Elkaeed⁷, Hala A Ibrahium^{8

9}, Nasser S Awwad¹⁰, Sadaf Ul Hassan^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
² Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore Campus, Lahore, Pakistan.
³ Department of Chemistry, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan.
⁴ Department of Chemical Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Lahore Campus, Lahore, , Pakistan.
⁵ Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
⁶ Department of Dental Materials, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan.
⁷ Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Almaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
⁸ Biology Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.
⁹ Department of Semi Pilot Plant, Nuclear Materials Authority, Cairo, Egypt.
¹⁰ Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.

Abstract

Periodontal disease is a common complication, and conventional periodontal surgery can lead to severe bleeding. Different membranes have been used for periodontal treatment with limitations, such as improper biodegradation, poor mechanical property, and no effective hemostatic property. Guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membranes favoring periodontal regeneration were prepared to overcome these shortcomings. The mucilage of the chia seed was extracted and utilized to prepare the guided tissue regeneration (GTR) membrane. Lignin having antibacterial properties was used to synthesize lignin-mediated ZnO nanoparticles (∼Lignin@ZnO) followed by characterization with analytical techniques like Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), UV-visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope (SEM). To fabricate the GTR membrane, extracted mucilage, Lignin@ZnO, and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) were mixed in different ratios to obtain a thin film. The fabricated GTR membrane was evaluated using a dynamic fatigue analyzer for mechanical properties. Appropriate degradation rates were approved by degradability analysis in water for different intervals of time. The fabricated GTR membrane showed excellent antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacterial species.

Keywords: GTR membrane; ZnO nanoparticles; antimicrobial activity; lignin; mucilage.