Mild NaCl Stress Influences Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C Transcription in a Time-Dependent Manner and Reduces Protein Expression

Danai Etter; Christina Ukowitz; Corinne Eicher; Taurai Tasara; Sophia Johler

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.820067

Mild NaCl Stress Influences Staphylococcal Enterotoxin C Transcription in a Time-Dependent Manner and Reduces Protein Expression

Front Microbiol. 2022 Apr 18:13:820067. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.820067. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Danai Etter^{1

2}, Christina Ukowitz¹, Corinne Eicher¹, Taurai Tasara¹, Sophia Johler¹

Affiliations

¹ Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
² Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Institute for Food Nutrition and Health, ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

Abstract

Enterotoxins (SEs) produced by Staphylococcus aureus are the cause of serious food intoxications. Staphylococcal enterotoxin C (SEC) is one of the main contributors, as it is often highly expressed. S. aureus possesses a competitive growth advantage over accompanying bacterial flora under stress conditions encountered in foods, such as high NaCl concentrations. However, the influence of NaCl as an external stressor on SEC expression is still unclear. We investigated the influence of 4.5% NaCl on sec mRNA and SEC protein levels. A qRT-PCR assay revealed that NaCl stress leads to time-dependently decreased or elevated sec mRNA levels for most strains. SEC protein levels were generally decreased under NaCl stress. Our findings suggest that NaCl stress lowers overall SEC concentration and time-dependently affects sec mRNA levels.

Keywords: SEC variants; food intoxication; stress response; superantigen; virulence gene regulation.