Mean Platelet Volume Enhances the Diagnostic Specificity of PSA for Prostate Cancer

Wei Song; Ning Ding; Xiulin Zhang; Jiaxin Liu; Yuzhen Wang; Jieke Yan; Shuangde Liu

doi:10.3389/fsurg.2022.845288

Mean Platelet Volume Enhances the Diagnostic Specificity of PSA for Prostate Cancer

Front Surg. 2022 Apr 12:9:845288. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.845288. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Wei Song^{1

2}, Ning Ding³, Xiulin Zhang³, Jiaxin Liu⁴, Yuzhen Wang⁵, Jieke Yan⁴, Shuangde Liu⁴

Affiliations

¹ School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
² Department of Urology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China.
³ Department of Urology, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
⁴ Department of Kidney Transplantation, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
⁵ Clinical Department, Jinan Nursing Vocational College, Jinan, China.

Abstract

Mean platelet volume (MPV) is an indicator of platelet activation and has been proposed as a diagnostic marker for several kinds of cancers. We investigated the value of MPV as a diagnostic marker for prostate cancer (PCa) and examined whether MPV in combination with prostate-specific antigen (PSA) could increase the sensitivity or specificity of PSA for PCa diagnosis. For this study, 107 pathologically confirmed PCa and 177 non-PCa patients who underwent prostate biopsy were retrospectively studied. Clinical data and pre-biopsy hematological parameters were collected. The above parameters were compared between PCa and non-PCa patients. The correlation between MPV and clinical characteristics was analyzed. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to explore the diagnostic value of MPV for PCa. Among all parameters analyzed, the difference was only found in MPV, platelet distribution width (PDW), and PSA between PCa and non-PCa patients. MPV was significantly decreased and PDW increased in PCa than that of non-PCa among men. ROC analysis identified MPV ≤ 9.05 fl as a cut-off value for potential PCa with area under the ROC curve (AUC) = 0.783, 95% CI = 0.733-0.833, sensitivity = 0.746, and specificity = 0.708. AUC and the sensitivity of MPV were comparable with total PSA (TPSA) or free PSA (FPSA). However, the specificity of MPV was larger than that of TPSA (0.461) or FPSA (0.561). Furthermore, MPV combined with TPSA or FPSA further enhanced the specificity of TPSA (0.844) or FPSA (0.927), but PDW did not. These findings suggested that MPV could have a predictive value for the diagnosis of PCa. MPV in combination with TPSA or FPSA could enhance the specificity of PSA and may reduce the rate of unnecessary biopsy for patients with high levels of PSA.

Keywords: platelet distribution width; platelet distribution width (PDW); prostate cancer; prostate specific antigen; receiver operating characteristic.