Pharmacological Prevention and Management of Skeletal-Related Events and Bone Loss in Individuals with Cancer

Semin Oncol Nurs. 2022 Apr;38(2):151276. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2022.151276. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Abstract

Objective: To provide a literature review of the clinical efficacy and safety data of various pharmacological agents used to manage bone health in people affected by cancer.

Data sources: Peer-reviewed articles and research publications identified from PubMed and relevant clinical guidelines were used in this evidence synthesis.

Conclusion: Individuals with cancers such as breast and prostate cancers, multiple myeloma, and other malignancies are at a high risk of developing skeletal-related events such as bone fracture, bone metastasis, and osteoporosis. Pharmacologic agents such as bisphosphonates and RANK-L inhibitor (denosumab) are the mainstay therapy options for managing bone health in this population.

Implications for nursing practice: Nurses and nurse practitioners should be aware of the efficacy data of bisphosphonates and denosumab but also should be well-versed in the appropriate administration of these agents, potential side effect profiles, timely assessment, and interventions to optimize quality of life.

Keywords: Bisphosphonates; Denosumab; RANK-L inhibitors; Skeletal-related events; Zoledronic acid.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents* / adverse effects
  • Bone Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Denosumab / adverse effects
  • Diphosphonates / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Quality of Life

Substances

  • Bone Density Conservation Agents
  • Diphosphonates
  • Denosumab