Simultaneous Passivation of Bulk and Interface Defects with Gradient 2D/3D Heterojunction Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

Baibai Liu; Jie Hu; Dongmei He; Le Bai; Qian Zhou; Wenqi Wang; Cunyun Xu; Qunliang Song; Donghwa Lee; Pengjun Zhao; Feng Hao; Xiaobin Niu; Zhigang Zang; Jiangzhao Chen

doi:10.1021/acsami.2c04374

Simultaneous Passivation of Bulk and Interface Defects with Gradient 2D/3D Heterojunction Engineering for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells

ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2022 May 11;14(18):21079-21088. doi: 10.1021/acsami.2c04374. Epub 2022 Apr 29.

Authors

Baibai Liu¹, Jie Hu², Dongmei He¹, Le Bai¹, Qian Zhou¹, Wenqi Wang¹, Cunyun Xu³, Qunliang Song³, Donghwa Lee⁴, Pengjun Zhao⁵, Feng Hao², Xiaobin Niu², Zhigang Zang¹, Jiangzhao Chen¹

Affiliations

¹ Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology and Systems (Ministry of Education), College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, China.
² School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu 611731, China.
³ Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China.
⁴ Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea.
⁵ Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, Xinjiang, China.

PMID: 35486118
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04374

Abstract

Minimizing bulk and interfacial nonradiative recombination losses is key to further improving the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSC) but very challenging. Herein, we report a gradient dimensionality engineering to simultaneously passivate the bulk and interface defects of perovskite films. The 2D/3D heterojunction is skillfully constructed by the diffusion of an amphiphilic spacer cation from the interface to the bulk. The 2D/3D heterojunction engineering strategy has achieved multiple functions, including defect passivation, hole extraction improvement, and moisture stability enhancement. The introduction of tertiary butyl at the spacer cation should be responsible for increased film and device moisture stability. The device with 2D/3D heterojunction engineering delivers a promising efficiency of 22.54% with a high voltage of 1.186 V and high fill factor of 0.841, which benefits from significantly suppressed bulk and interfacial nonradiative recombination losses. Moreover, the modified devices demonstrate excellent light, thermal, and moisture stability over 1000 h. This work paves the way for the commercial application of perovskite photovoltaics.

Keywords: Efficiency; Gradient 2D/3D heterojunction engineering; Perovskite solar cells; Simultaneous passivation of bulk and interface defects; Stability.