Antibacterial Activity of an Anodized TiNbSn Alloy Prepared in Sodium Tartrate Electrolyte

Hiroaki Kurishima; Yu Mori; Keiko Ishii; Hiroyuki Inoue; Takayuki Mokudai; Satoko Fujimori; Eiji Itoi; Shuji Hanada; Naoya Masahashi; Toshimi Aizawa

doi:10.3389/fbioe.2022.883335

Antibacterial Activity of an Anodized TiNbSn Alloy Prepared in Sodium Tartrate Electrolyte

Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2022 Apr 11:10:883335. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.883335. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
² Department of Medical Microbiology, Mycology and Immunology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan.
³ Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Sakai, Japan.
⁴ Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Abstract

In this study, we anodized a TiNbSn alloy with low Young's modulus in an electrolyte of sodium tartrate with and without hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). The photo-induced characteristics of the anodized alloy were analyzed for crystallinity and electrochemical conditions with comparisons to the effect with the addition of H₂O₂. The antibacterial activity was evaluated using methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and other pathogenic bacteria according to ISO 27447, and time decay antibacterial tests were also conducted. The anodized oxide had a porous microstructure with anatase- and rutile-structured titanium dioxide (TiO₂). In contrast, the peaks of rutile-structured TiO₂ were accelerated in the anodized TiNbSn alloy with H₂O₂. The formation of hydroxyl radicals and methylene blue breaching performance under ultraviolet irradiation was confirmed in the anodic oxide on TiNbSn alloy with and without H₂O₂. The anodic oxide on TiNbSn alloy had a robust antibacterial activity, and no significant difference was detected with or without H₂O₂. We conclude that anodized TiNbSn alloy with sodium tartrate electrolyte may be a functional biomaterial with a low Young's modulus and an antibacterial function.

Keywords: TiNbSn alloys; anodic oxide; antibacterial activity; photocatalyst (TiO2); sodium tartrate.