Topographical changes and bactericidal efficacy of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy on titanium implant surface

Abstract

Background: reExtensive rsearch has been done on various disinfection modalities used to achieve an aseptic implant surface. However, the bacterial efficacy and the topographical alterations resulting from the use of these techniques have never been compared.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the disinfection efficacy and surface changes on a bacteria contaminated titanium block following application of various disinfectants.

Method: Ultrasonically cleaned titanium blocks were contaminated with Porphyromonas gingivalis and Tannerella forsythia. The infected titanium implants were randomly divided into four experimental groups and decontaminated using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT), laser therapy, chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide. Bacterial viability and surface changes following decontamination were analyzed.

Result: Bacterial viability decreased in all the groups, with aPDT having the highest reduction. Surface roughness remained unchanged whereas the contact angle lessened in the aPDT group.

Conclusion: aPDT could possibly be a suitable alternative to other disinfection regimen to treat periimplantitis.

Keywords: Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy; Chlorhexidine and hydrogen peroxide; Disinfectants; Laser therapy; Surface modification; Titanium.