In this chapter, protocols for spontaneous alignment of microtubules (MTs), such as helices and spherulites, via tubulin polymerization in a narrow space and under a temperature gradient are presented for tubulin solutions and tubulin-polymer mixtures. These protocols provide an easy route for hierarchical MT assembly and may extend our current understanding of cytoskeletal protein self-assembly under dissipative conditions.
Keywords: Helices; Hierarchical ordering; Self-standing film; Spherulite; Tubulin–polymer hybrid.
© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.