The Korean-Lung Information Needs Questionnaire: Translation, validation and clinical implications in comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation

Abstract

Purpose: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation and persistent respiratory symptoms. Several symptom-related questionnaires have been validated to improve understanding for patient with COPD. We aimed to systematically translate the English version of the Lung Information Needs Questionnaire (LINQ) into Korean and to verify the reliability, validity and clinical implications in comprehensive pulmonary rehabilitation (PR).

Methods: The original version of LINQ was translated into Korean by two translators and reviewed by the translation committee. It was then reverse translated back into English. The committee compared the reconciled version in Korean and the original version in English. A cognitive debriefing was performed on the pre-final version, and a final version, K-LINQ, was obtained. A test-retest method for the analysis of reliability was performed within 2 weeks. Concurrent validity analysis was performed using Pearson correlation test of the K-LINQ and other evaluation tools.

Results: A total of 110 patients were enrolled. The length, readability, understanding and suitability of the questionnaire rated well in scores for face validity of 52 Korean patients with COPD. No significant correlation was derived from the total K-LINQ and each domain with other scales such as mMRC, K-CAT and K-LCADL. The intra-class correlation coefficient of total score K-LINQ showed high reliability. Patients who attended PR showed significantly poor pulmonary function or more severe symptoms. In addition, a significantly lower score in total score and exercise domain of K-LINQ were confirmed in the group of PR attendees.

Conclusions: We translated the LINQ into Korean, implemented cross-cultural adaptation and verified its validity and reliability. K-LINQ can now be useful in various clinical and research fields in the Republic of Korea and could serve a complementary role and become an axis of successful treatment strategies, including a comprehensive PR programme.

Keywords: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; questionnaire; reliability; translation; validity.