Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and DNA-Binding Study of Metal-Phenalenyl Complexes

Subhadeep Sen; Nilkanta Chowdhury; Tae-Wan Kim; Mohuya Paul; Dilip Debnath; Seob Jeon; Angshuman Bagchi; Jungkyun Im; Goutam Biswas

doi:10.1155/2022/8453159

Anticancer, Antibacterial, Antioxidant, and DNA-Binding Study of Metal-Phenalenyl Complexes

Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2022 Apr 14:2022:8453159. doi: 10.1155/2022/8453159. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Subhadeep Sen¹, Nilkanta Chowdhury², Tae-Wan Kim³, Mohuya Paul⁴, Dilip Debnath¹, Seob Jeon⁵, Angshuman Bagchi², Jungkyun Im^{4

6}, Goutam Biswas¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Panchanan Nagar, Vivekananda Street, Cooch Behar 736101, West Bengal, India.
² Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Nadia 741235, West Bengal, India.
³ Department of Medical Life Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea.
⁴ Department of Electronic Materials, Devices, and Equipment Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea.
⁵ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Cheonan Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea.
⁶ Department of Chemical Engineering, Soonchunhyang University, Asan 31538, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Phenalenyl (PLY)-based metal complexes are a new addition to the metal complex family. Various applications of metal-based phenalenyl complexes (metal-PLY) have been reported, such as catalyst, quantum spin simulators, spin electronic devices, and molecular conductors, but the biological significance of metal-PLY (metal = Co(II), Mn(III), Ni(II), Fe(III), and Al(III)) systems has yet to be explored. In this study, the anticancer properties of such complexes were investigated in ovarian cancer cells (SKOV3 and HEY A8), and the cytotoxicity was comparable to that of other platinum-based drugs. Antibacterial activity of the metal-PLY complexes against both gram-negative (E. coli) and gram-positive (S. aureus) bacteria was studied using a disk diffusion test and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) methods. All five metal-PLY complexes showed significant antibacterial activity against both bacterial strains. The antioxidant properties of metal-PLY complexes were evaluated following the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging method and were acceptable. The DNA-binding properties of these metal-PLY complexes were investigated using absorption spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity measurements, and thermal denaturation methods. Experimental evidence revealed that the complexes bind to DNA through intercalation, and the molecular docking study supported this conclusion.