Ornipural® Mitigates Malathion-Induced Hepato-Renal Damage in Rats via Amelioration of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Restoration of Antioxidant Activity, and Attenuation of Inflammatory Response

Osama S El Okle; Hossam G Tohamy; Saed A Althobaiti; Mohamed Mohamed Soliman; Heba I Ghamry; Foad Farrag; Mustafa Shukry

doi:10.3390/antiox11040757

Ornipural^® Mitigates Malathion-Induced Hepato-Renal Damage in Rats via Amelioration of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers, Restoration of Antioxidant Activity, and Attenuation of Inflammatory Response

Antioxidants (Basel). 2022 Apr 11;11(4):757. doi: 10.3390/antiox11040757.

Authors

Osama S El Okle¹, Hossam G Tohamy², Saed A Althobaiti³, Mohamed Mohamed Soliman⁴, Heba I Ghamry⁵, Foad Farrag⁶, Mustafa Shukry⁷

Affiliations

¹ Departement of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt.
² Departement of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt.
³ Biology Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of Home Economics, College of Home Economics, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 960, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.
⁷ Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh 33516, Egypt.

Abstract

The current study was instigated by investigating the ameliorative potential of Ornipural^® solution against the hepato-renal toxicity of malathion. A total number of 35 male Wistar albino rats were divided equally into five groups. Group 1 served as control and received normal saline intraperitoneally. Group 2, the sham group, were administered only corn oil (vehicle of malathion) orally. Group 3 was orally intoxicated by malathion in corn oil at a dose of 135 mg/kg BW via intra-gastric gavage. Group 4 received malathion orally concomitantly with Ornipural^® intraperitoneally. Group 5 was given Ornipural^® solution in saline via intraperitoneal injection at a dose of (1 mL/kg BW). Animals received the treatment regime for 30 days. Histopathological examination revealed the harmful effect of malathion on hepatic and renal tissue. The results showed that malathion induced a significant decrease in body weight and marked elevation in the activity of liver enzymes, LDH, and ACP. In contrast, the activity of AchE and Paraoxonase was markedly decreased. Moreover, there was a significant increase in the serum content of bilirubin, cholesterol, and kidney injury markers. A significant elevation in malondialdehyde, nitric oxide (nitrite), and 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine was observed, along with a substantial reduction in antioxidant activity. Furthermore, malathion increased tumor necrosis factor-alpha, the upregulation of IL-1B, BAX, and IFN-β genes, and the downregulation of Nrf2, Bcl2, and HO-1 genes. Concurrent administration of Ornipural^® with malathion attenuated the detrimental impact of malathion through ameliorating metabolic biomarkers, restoring antioxidant activity, reducing the inflammatory response, and improving pathologic microscopic alterations. It could be concluded that Ornipural^® solution demonstrates hepatorenal defensive impacts against malathion toxicity at biochemical, antioxidants, molecular, and cellular levels.

Keywords: Ornipural®; antioxidant; hepato-renal damage; inflammation; malathion; metabolic parameters.