Bioinspired Design of seco-Chlorin Photosensitizers to Overcome Phototoxic Effects in Photodynamic Therapy

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2022 Jul 11;61(28):e202204330. doi: 10.1002/anie.202204330. Epub 2022 May 3.

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a non-invasive treatment modality against a range of cancers and nonmalignant diseases, however one must be aware of the risk of causing phototoxic reactions after treatment. We herein report a bioinspired design of next-generation photosensitizers (PSs) that not only effectively produce ROS but undergo fast metabolism after treatment to overcome undesirable side effects. We constructed a series of β-pyrrolic ring-opening seco-chlorins, termed beidaphyrin (BP), beidapholactone (BPL), and their zinc(II) derivatives (ZnBP and ZnBPL), featuring intense near-infrared absorption and effective O2 photosensitization. Irradiation of ZnBPL led to a non-cytotoxic, metabolizable beidaphodiacetamide (ZnBPD) via in situ generated O2.- but not 1 O2 , as revealed by mechanistic studies including time-resolved absorption, kinetics, and isotope labeling. Furthermore, water-soluble ZnBPL showed an effective therapeutic outcome, fast metabolism, and negligible phototoxic reactions.

Keywords: Photodegradation; Photodynamic Therapy; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tetrapyrrole; seco-Chlorin.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Humans
  • Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Photochemotherapy*
  • Photosensitizing Agents / pharmacology
  • Photosensitizing Agents / therapeutic use
  • Porphyrins* / pharmacology
  • Porphyrins* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Photosensitizing Agents
  • Porphyrins
  • chlorin