Pd@Py2PZ@MSN as a Novel and Efficient Catalyst for C-C Bond Formation Reactions

Mohammad Hosein Sayahi; Mansoureh Toosibashi; Mehdi Bahmaei; Hosein Lijan; Leila Ma'Mani; Mohammad Mahdavi; Saeed Bahadorikhalili

doi:10.3389/fchem.2022.838294

Pd@Py₂PZ@MSN as a Novel and Efficient Catalyst for C-C Bond Formation Reactions

Front Chem. 2022 Mar 31:10:838294. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.838294. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Mohammad Hosein Sayahi¹, Mansoureh Toosibashi², Mehdi Bahmaei¹, Hosein Lijan², Leila Ma'Mani³, Mohammad Mahdavi⁴, Saeed Bahadorikhalili⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Chemistry, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran.
² School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
³ Department of Nanotechnology, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.
⁴ Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
⁵ Department of Electronic Engineering, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Tarragona, Spain.

Abstract

In this study, a novel catalyst is introduced based on the immobilization of palladium onto dipyrido (3,2-a:2',3'-c) phenazine-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles. The dipyrido (3,2-a:2',3'-c) phenazine (Py₂PZ) ligand is synthesized in a simple method from the reaction of 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dione and 3,4-diaminobenzoic acid as starting materials. The ligand is used to functionalize mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) and modify their surface chemistry for the immobilization of palladium. The palladium-immobilized dipyrido (3,2-a:2',3'-c) phenazine-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles (Pd@Py₂PZ@MSNs) are synthesized and characterized by several characterization techniques, including TEM, SEM, FT-IR, TGA, ICP, XRD, and EDS analyses. After the careful characterization of Pd@Py₂PZ@MSNs, the activity and efficiency of this catalyst is examined in carbon-carbon bond formation reactions. The results are advantageous in water and the products are obtained in high isolated yields. In addition, the catalyst showed very good reusability and did not show significant loss in activity after 10 sequential runs.

Keywords: Heck reaction; Suziki reaction; immobilized catalyst; mesoporous silica nanoparticles; palladium catalyst.