The Psychometric Properties of the French-Canadian Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Scale for Measuring the Viral Anxiety of the General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic

C Hyung Keun Park; Oli Ahmed; Sangha Lee; Sooyeon Suh; Seockhoon Chung; Jean-Philippe Gouin

doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.807312

The Psychometric Properties of the French-Canadian Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Scale for Measuring the Viral Anxiety of the General Population During the COVID-19 Pandemic

Front Psychiatry. 2022 Mar 31:13:807312. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.807312. eCollection 2022.

Authors

C Hyung Keun Park¹, Oli Ahmed^{2

3}, Sangha Lee⁴, Sooyeon Suh⁵, Seockhoon Chung¹, Jean-Philippe Gouin⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
² Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
³ National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
⁴ Department of Psychiatry, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.
⁵ Department of Psychology, Sungshin Women's University, Seoul, South Korea.
⁶ Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Abstract

Objective: This study examined the psychometric properties of the French-Canadian version of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 items (SAVE-6) scale for assessing the anxiety response to the viral epidemic among the general population in Quebec, Canada.

Methods: A total of 590 participants responded to a confidential online survey between September 28 and October 18, 2020. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to explore the factor structure of the scale. Psychometric properties were assessed using the Item Response Theory (IRT) approach. To explore the convergent validity, a Pearson correlation analysis between the SAVE-6 scale and the depression (Patient Health Questionnaire-2, PHQ-2) or anxiety subscale (Generalized Anxiety Disorder-2, GAD-2) of the Patient Health Questionnaire-4 items scale was conducted.

Findings: The French-Canadian version of the SAVE-6 scale was clustered into a single factor. The CFA of the SAVE-6 scale showed a good model fit (CFI = 0.985, TLI = 0.976, RMSEA = 0.051, RSMR = 0.048), and the multi-group CFA revealed that the SAVE-6 scale can measure anxiety response in the same way across gender or the presence of elevated depressive and anxiety symptoms. It showed good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.76, McDonald's Omega = 0.77) and significant correlation with the PHQ-2 score and GAD-2 score. The IRT model suggested the efficiency in discrimination among individuals in this latent trait.

Conclusion: The French-Canadian version of the SAVE-6 scale is a valid and reliable rating scale, which can measure the general population's anxiety response to the viral epidemic.

Keywords: COVID-19; SAVE-6; anxiety; health personnel; stress.