Vitamin D composition of Australian game products

Eleanor Dunlop; Carrington C J Shepherd; Judy Cunningham; Norbert Strobel; Robyn M Lucas; Lucinda J Black

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132965

Vitamin D composition of Australian game products

Food Chem. 2022 Sep 1:387:132965. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132965. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Authors

Eleanor Dunlop¹, Carrington C J Shepherd², Judy Cunningham¹, Norbert Strobel³, Robyn M Lucas⁴, Lucinda J Black⁵

Affiliations

¹ Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia.
² Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Ngangk Yira: Murdoch University Research Centre for Aboriginal Health and Social Equity, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia.
³ National Measurement Institute, 1/153 Bertie Street, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia.
⁴ National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Research School of Population Health, Australian National University, Acton, ACT 2600, Australia; Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA 6009, Australia.
⁵ Curtin School of Population Health, Curtin University, Kent Street, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia; Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute (CHIRI), Curtin University, Perth, WA 6102, Australia. Electronic address: lucinda.black@curtin.edu.au.

PMID: 35429940
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132965

Abstract

The vitamin D content of many Australian game products is unknown. These foods are potential sources of vitamin D for remote-dwelling Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, of whom 39% are vitamin D deficient (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D₃ (25(OH)D₃) concentrations < 50 nmol/L). Vitamin D₃, 25(OH)D₃, vitamin D₂ and 25(OH)D₂ were measured by liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-QQQ) in raw meat (camel, crocodile, emu, kangaroo), emu eggs and emu oil. Vitamin D₃ (range, 0.5-14.5 μg/100 g) was found in all products except camel and kangaroo. All samples except kangaroo contained 25(OH)D₃; some camel samples contained relatively high concentrations (range, 0.4-5.2 μg/100 g). Vitamin D₂ was found in emu products and some kangaroo samples. We detected trace amounts of 25(OH)D₂ in some camel and kangaroo samples. This study provides valuable insight into foods with a paucity of data on vitamin D content, showing that some are potentially useful sources of vitamin D.

Keywords: 25-hydroxyvitamin D(2)/25-hydroxyergocalciferol (PubChem CID: 5710148); 25-hydroxyvitamin D(3)/25-hydroxycholecalciferol (PubChem CID: 5283731); Camel (Camelus dromedaries); Crocodile (Crocodylus porosus); Emu (Dromaius novaehollandiae); Kangaroo (Macropus giganteus and Macropus rufus); Vitamin D(2)/ergocalciferol (PubChem CID: 5280793); Vitamin D(3)/cholecalciferol (PubChem CID: 5280795); vitamin D.

MeSH terms

Australia
Calcifediol
Cholecalciferol
Humans
Vitamin D Deficiency*
Vitamin D*
Vitamins

Substances

Vitamins
Vitamin D
Cholecalciferol
Calcifediol