Tropisetron Preconditioning Decreases Myocardial Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Replacement Surgery

Di Yu; Xingrui Gong; Yufei Zhang; Qing Li; Mazhang Zhang

doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.690272

Tropisetron Preconditioning Decreases Myocardial Biomarkers in Patients Undergoing Heart Valve Replacement Surgery

Front Med (Lausanne). 2022 Mar 29:9:690272. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2022.690272. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Di Yu^{1

2}, Xingrui Gong³, Yufei Zhang¹, Qing Li¹, Mazhang Zhang⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, China.
² Hubei No. 3 People's Hospital of Jianghan University, Wuhan, China.
³ Department of Anesthesiology, Xiangyang Central Hospital, Hubei University of Arts and Science, Xiangyang, China.
⁴ Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Children' Medical Central, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Abstract

Background: Cardioplegic arrest during the heart valve replacement surgery frequently leads to myocardial damage. Tropisetron (TRP) has been demonstrated to reduce myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury and inflammation in animals. We examined the efficacy of TRP in lowering myocardial biomarkers in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery.

Methods: A total of seventy-five patients, scheduled for elective heart valve replacement surgery, were randomly chosen to receive either 10 ml of normal saline or 10 mg/10 ml of TRP immediately after anesthesia induction. Blood samples for the measurement of cardiac troponin I (cTnI), creatine kinase (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were taken before anesthesia, as well as 4, 12, and 24 h after aortic cross-clamp release to evaluate myocardial injury using two-way ANOVA for repeated measurements. The study was registered at www.chictr.org.cn (number, ChiCTR-1800018681).

Results: Treatment with TRP decreased the increment of cTnI (Fgroup = 4.911, p = 0.030; Ftime = 55.356, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 5.340, p = 0.002) at 12 and 24 h; of CK-MB (Fgroup = 6.552, p = 0.013; Ftime = 49.276, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 7.627, p = 0.003) at 4, 12, and 24 h; of TNF-α (Fgroup = 4.153, p = 0.046; Ftime = 28.244, p = 0.002; Fgroup × time = 4.692, p = 0.006) at 4 and 12 h; and of LDH (Fgroup = 4.275, p = 0.043; Ftime = 63.225, p = 0.001; Fgroup × time = 2.501, p = 0.083) at 24 h after the release of the aortic cross-clamp. It increased IL-10 (Fgroup = 5.958, p = 0.018; Ftime = 31.226, p = 0.002; Fgroup × time = 1.464, p = 0.236) at 12 h after the release of the aortic cross-clamp. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time was a risk factor, and that TRP treatment was a protective factor for postoperative cTNI change (β = 4.449, 95% CI [0.97-7.92], p = 0.013 for CPB time; and β = -381, 95% CI [-613.4 to -148.5], p = 0.002 for TRP treatment).

Conclusions: Tropisetron had cardioprotective and anti-inflammatory effects in patients undergoing heart valve replacement surgery with cardioplegic arrest. The addition of TRP and reduction of CPB time should be considered for myocardial protection in heart valve replacement surgery.

Clinical trial registration: [www.chictr.org.cn/index.aspx], identifier [ChiCTR1800018681].

Keywords: heart surgery; inflammation; myocardial injury; tropisetron; α7 nACh receptor.