Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan mimic biomineralization and promote microbially induced calcium precipitation

Zhao Wang; Junfeng Su; Amjad Ali; Wenshuo Yang; Ruijie Zhang; Yifei Li; Lingfei Zhang; Jiawei Li

doi:10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119335

Chitosan and carboxymethyl chitosan mimic biomineralization and promote microbially induced calcium precipitation

Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Jul 1:287:119335. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119335. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Authors

Zhao Wang¹, Junfeng Su², Amjad Ali¹, Wenshuo Yang¹, Ruijie Zhang¹, Yifei Li¹, Lingfei Zhang¹, Jiawei Li¹

Affiliations

¹ School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China.
² School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an 710055, China. Electronic address: sjf1977518@sina.com.

PMID: 35422299
DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.119335

Abstract

This research aimed to evaluate chitosan (CTS) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) as polysaccharides that could mimic the role of bacterial extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) in the biomineralization process through bionic experiments. The introduction of COOH resulted in higher calcium precipitation efficiency of CMCS (65.07%) than CTS (55.66%). CaCO₃ nucleation on the surface of CTS and CMCS was triggered through the binding of Ca²⁺ to NH₂, OH, COOH and NHCOCH₃ groups. Moreover, the experiment of polysaccharides mediated biomineralization was conducted. The maximum calcium precipitation efficiency reached 96.07% with the addition of 0.15% CMCS. Combining the characterization results, the synergetic mineralization mechanisms between polysaccharides and bacteria were proposed. Among them, bacterial metabolic by-products (alkalinity), active groups and adhesion of polysaccharides played a significant role. This work provides a reference for further understanding of the biomineralization mechanism, and gives a new insight into the intensified strategies of MICP technology.

Keywords: Carboxymethyl chitosan; Chitosan; Intensified strategies; Microbially induced calcium precipitation; Nucleation sites.

MeSH terms

Bacteria / metabolism
Biomineralization*
Calcium
Calcium Carbonate / chemistry
Chemical Precipitation
Chitosan* / chemistry
Extracellular Polymeric Substance Matrix

Substances

Chitosan
Calcium Carbonate
Calcium