Decoding the Bell-Shaped Calcium Spikes in Phosphorylation Cycles of Flagella

Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Mar 29;23(7):3760. doi: 10.3390/ijms23073760.

Abstract

We investigate the messenger role of calcium ions implicated in the regulation of wave-like bending dynamics of flagella. The emphasis is on microtubules of flagellar axoneme serving as nonlinear transmission lines for bell-shaped spikes of calcium ions. The calcium sensitive proteins, such as calmodulin, exhibit activation dependence on the spike train frequency and amplitude. Here, we analyze a Ca2+ decoding module IDA-I1 whose activity is controlled by Ca2+ activated kinase. We find that trains of Ca2+ spikes are advantageous compared to a constant rise in Ca2+ concentration as being more efficient and much less prone to noisy fluctuations.

Keywords: axoneme; calcium spike signaling; dynein motors; flagellum; microtubule.

MeSH terms

  • Axoneme* / metabolism
  • Calcium Signaling / physiology
  • Calcium* / metabolism
  • Dyneins / metabolism
  • Flagella* / metabolism
  • Ions / metabolism
  • Microtubules / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation

Substances

  • Ions
  • Dyneins
  • Calcium