Oxidative stress: The core pathogenesis and mechanism of Alzheimer's disease

Renren Bai; Jianan Guo; Xiang-Yang Ye; Yuanyuan Xie; Tian Xie

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2022.101619

Oxidative stress: The core pathogenesis and mechanism of Alzheimer's disease

Ageing Res Rev. 2022 May:77:101619. doi: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101619. Epub 2022 Apr 5.

Authors

Renren Bai¹, Jianan Guo², Xiang-Yang Ye³, Yuanyuan Xie⁴, Tian Xie⁵

Affiliations

¹ School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China. Electronic address: renrenbai@hznu.edu.cn.
² College of Pharmaceutical Science, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China.
³ School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China.
⁴ College of Pharmaceutical Science, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Yangtze River Delta Region Green Pharmaceuticals, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, PR China. Electronic address: xyycz@zjut.edu.cn.
⁵ School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China; Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, PR China. Electronic address: xbs@hznu.edu.cn.

PMID: 35395415
DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2022.101619

Abstract

As the number of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) increases, it brings great suffering to their families and causes a heavy socioeconomic burden to society. A vast amount of funds and a mass of research have been devoted to elucidating the pathology of AD. However, the main pathogenesis is still elusive, and its mechanism is not completely clear. Research on the mechanisms of AD mainly focuses on the amyloid cascade, tau protein, neuroinflammation, metal ions, and oxidative stress hypotheses. Oxidative stress is as a bridge that connects the different hypotheses and mechanisms of AD. It is a process that causes neuronal damage and occurs in various pathways. Oxidative stress plays a critical role in AD and can even be considered a crucial central factor in the pathogenesis of AD. Previous reviews have also summarized the role of oxidative stress in AD, but these mainly review a specific signaling pathway. Taking oxidative stress as the central point, this review comprehensively expands on the roles of oxidative stress that are involved in the pathogenesis of AD. The vivid and easy-to-understand figures systematically clarify the connected roles of oxidative stress in AD and allow readers to further understand oxidative stress and AD.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease (AD); Oxidative stress; Pathogenesis; Reactive oxygen species (ROS).

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Alzheimer Disease* / metabolism
Amyloid beta-Peptides / metabolism
Humans
Metals
Oxidative Stress / physiology

Substances

Amyloid beta-Peptides
Metals