Seasonal Variation: A Non-negligible Factor Associated With Blood Pressure in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Zhibin Wu; Shan Lan; Chengqiang Chen; Xiuan Zhang; Yazhen Zhang; Shanying Chen

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.820483

Seasonal Variation: A Non-negligible Factor Associated With Blood Pressure in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2022 Mar 18:9:820483. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.820483. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Zhibin Wu¹, Shan Lan¹, Chengqiang Chen², Xiuan Zhang¹, Yazhen Zhang², Shanying Chen¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nephrology, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China.
² Hemodialysis Unit, Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China.

Abstract

Objective: To investigate a seasonal variation in blood pressure (BP) for patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: In this retrospective study, we exported all BP measurements from the information system to investigate a seasonal variation of BP. We also investigated a seasonal variation in BP for patients of different gender types, of different age groups, with diabetic nephropathy (DN), and with non-DN having HD. Multiple linear regression models were used to explore the associations between BP and climatic parameters.

Results: In 2019, a total of 367 patients had received HD therapy in the Longwen HD unit. We included nearly 40,000 pre-dialysis BP measurements. The result of our study demonstrated a clear seasonal variation in pre-dialysis BP in general patients with HD, in male and female patients, and patients with DN and non-DN. December seemed to be a peak in the values of pre-dialysis systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP). The nadir values of pre-dialysis SBP and DBP were observed in June and July, respectively. A difference between peak and nadir values of BP is 3.81/2.20 mmHg in patients undergoing HD. Maximal seasonal variation in BP is 9.03/5.08 mmHg for patients with DN. A significant association of SBP and DBP with climatic parameters was found in this study. Pre-dialysis BP was inversely correlated with outdoor temperature, daytime length, and relative humidity.

Conclusion: A clear seasonal variation in BP is observed for patients with HD. Pre-dialysis SBP and DBP are inversely associated with outdoor temperature, daytime length, and relative humidity. The magnitude of a seasonal variation in BP increases in patients with DN.

Keywords: DN; blood pressure; hemodialysis; hypertension; pre-dialysis; seasonal variation.