Molecular Analysis of Xmn1-Polymorphic Site ´5 to G γ of the β-Globin Gene Cluster in a Saudi Population of Jazan Region in Correlation with Hb F Expression

Abozer Y Elderdery; Abdullah Alsrhani; Badr Alzahrani; Muhammad Atif; Ahmed I Refaiy; Hussain Shiwani; Amin Abbas; Dawelbiet A Yahia

doi:10.1155/2022/1717207

Molecular Analysis of Xmn1-Polymorphic Site ´5 to G γ of the β-Globin Gene Cluster in a Saudi Population of Jazan Region in Correlation with Hb F Expression

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2022 Mar 21:2022:1717207. doi: 10.1155/2022/1717207. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Abozer Y Elderdery^{1

2}, Abdullah Alsrhani¹, Badr Alzahrani¹, Muhammad Atif¹, Ahmed I Refaiy³, Hussain Shiwani⁴, Amin Abbas⁵, Dawelbiet A Yahia⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
² Health Sciences Research Unit, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.
³ Laboratories and Blood Banks Administration, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁴ King Fahad Central Hospital, Jazan, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Alreqqa Medical Center, Madinah, Saudi Arabia.
⁶ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of El Imam El Mahdi, Kosti, Sudan.

Abstract

The southern part of Saudi Arabia has an ethnically diverse population where sickle-cell anemia (sickle cell disease) is common, but little is known about its βs haplotypes. The goal of the current study is to ascertain the prevalence of the Hb S gene with analysis of Xmn1 '5 to Gγ haplotype among the Saudi population in the Jazan area. Initially recorded findings of (1) Hb S gene and (2) hematological parameters with Hb F levels were collected from 5990 participants. Then, the second series of 70 different patients with established sickling disease and 30 healthy individuals as a control group was recruited, in which the genotype of Xmn1 '5 to Gγ-SNP was performed by PCR-RFLP. In the first series, the prevalence of Hb types was AA at 86.8% (N = 5198), AS at 12.4% (N = 745), and SS at 0.8% (N = 47). Of the second series, three patients (4.3%) were (±) Xmn1 '5 to Gγ and 67 (95.7%) were (-/-) in Xmn1 '5 to Gγ. In the controls, the (±) Xmn1 '5 to Gγ was observed in only one individual (3.3%), aged 30. These findings possibly represent a new Saudi haplotype, [±] Xmn1 '5 to Gγ. Our results demonstrate that most patients with SCD in Jazan have [-/-] Xmn1 with higher levels of Hb F and positive Xmn1 '5 to Gγ normally associated with a low level of Hb F.