LncOb rs10487505 variant is associated with leptin levels in pediatric non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Abstract

Background: Low and high leptin levels are associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The LncOb rs10487505 variant has been associated with body mass index (BMI), and the C allele was reported as leptin-lowering. We evaluated the association of rs10487505 with leptin levels, liver histology, and surgery-induced weight loss in youths with NAFLD.

Methods: One-hundred five obese youths with NAFLD, of whom 19 undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), were analyzed for rs10487505 and leptin circulating levels.

Results: The G allele frequency was lower in youths with NAFLD than in controls (p = 0.049). No difference was found in anthropometrics, biochemistry and histology between G allele carriers and CC homozygotes, except for leptin levels (p = 0.016). Leptin correlated with body weight, BMI, BMI-z score, waist circumference, insulin resistance/sensitivity, and triglycerides (p ≤ 0.01). A multivariable regression model including body weight and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was a good predictor of plasma leptin (R² = 0.45), and the addition of genotype to the model increased the R² to 0.50. Following LSG, leptin levels and body weight were more reduced in G allele carriers (p < 0.05).

Conclusions: LncOb rs10487505 variant was associated with pediatric NAFLD and high leptin levels, and with weight and leptin reduction after LSG in youths.

Impact: The interplay of environment, genetics and epigenetics is crucial inflating the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Several long non-coding RNA (LncRNAs) are found associated with NAFLD pathogenesis. Here, we evaluated the impact of the genetic variant rs10487505 in LncOb which is involved in the regulation of leptin gene expression. The LncOb rs10487505 is associated with increased levels of leptin, but not with liver histology, in youths with NAFLD. The LncOb rs10487505 was also associated with the significant decrease of leptin and body weight after bariatric surgery.