Thermoresistant Newcastle disease vaccine effectively protects SPF, native, and commercial chickens in challenge with virulent virus

Mohammad Abdoshah; Mohammad Hassanzadeh; Shahin Masoudi; Abbas Ashtari; Ali Reza Yousefi; Minoo Partovi Nasr

doi:10.1002/vms3.794

Thermoresistant Newcastle disease vaccine effectively protects SPF, native, and commercial chickens in challenge with virulent virus

Vet Med Sci. 2022 Jul;8(4):1539-1546. doi: 10.1002/vms3.794. Epub 2022 Mar 30.

Authors

Mohammad Abdoshah¹, Mohammad Hassanzadeh², Shahin Masoudi¹, Abbas Ashtari¹, Ali Reza Yousefi¹, Minoo Partovi Nasr³

Affiliations

¹ Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Karaj, Iran.
² Department of Poultry Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
³ Department of Molecular Diagnosis, Mabna Veterinary Lab, Karaj, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Due to the more stability and a better homogenecity in immune response, the use of thermoresistant vaccines in different chicken types has been increased.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a newly developed Newcastle disease vaccine (ND.TR.IR) originating from I-2 strain in specific pathogen-free (SPF) and native and broiler chickens.

Methods: Following determination of pathogenicity indices on the candidate seed, three efficacy examinations were conducted. In the first experiment, 120 1-day-old SPF chickens were randomly allocated to six groups and either vaccinated with ND.TR.IR via eye drop at 1, 7, and 21 days of age (V₁ , V₇ , and V₂₁ ), or considered as non-vaccinated control groups (C₁ , C₇ , and C₂₁ ). At 20th post-vaccination day, sera hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody titres against ND virus (NDV) were measured and then the chickens were challenged by virulent NDV (vNDV). In the second and third experiments, the efficacy of ND.TR.IR vaccine was compared to routine vaccination program (B1 and LaSota) in native and broiler chickens that were vaccinated at 10 and 20 days of age, respectively. The HI antibody titres were measured on 10, 20, 30, and 40 days of age, and also challenge efficacy test with vNDV was conducted on 30 days of age.

Results: The studied virus, as a vaccinal seed, complied with the pathogenicity indices of avirulent NDV and molecular identity of I-2 strain. In the efficacy evaluation trials, the vaccinated chickens had higher HI antibody titres against NDV compared with their corresponding control chickens (p < 0.05). Results of the challenge tests indicated 95% and 100% protection against vNDV in native, SPF, and broiler-vaccinated chickens, respectively.

Conclusions: The present findings indicated that administration of ND.TR.IR induced appropriate HI antibody titres against NDV in SPF, native, and broiler chickens associated with good protection in efficacy test.

Keywords: Newcastle disease; chicken; efficacy; thermoresistant; vaccine.

Publication types

Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Chickens
Newcastle Disease*
Newcastle disease virus
Poultry Diseases*
Viral Vaccines*

Substances

Viral Vaccines