Objectives: To investigate the current status of sleep initiation patterns, influencing factors for sleep initiation patterns, and the influence of sleep initiation patterns on sleep quality in infants and young children.
Methods: A total of 521 infants and young children, aged 0-35 months, who underwent physical examination at the outpatient service of the Department of Growth and Development in Shenzhen Bao'an Women's and Children's Hospital Affiliated to Jinan University were enrolled as subjects. A self-designed questionnaire and Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire were used to collect the information on family background, parenting behaviors, and sleep quality in the past one week. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors for sleep initiation patterns. A multiple linear regression analysis was used to evaluate the influence of sleep initiation patterns on the number of nighttime awakenings.
Results: Among the 521 infants and young children, 258 (49.5%) were breastfed/bottle fed to initiate sleep, 62 (11.9%) were rocked/held to initiate sleep, 39 (7.5%) slept independently, and 162 (31.1%) initiated sleep accompanied by parents. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the children with breastfeeding and a younger age were more likely to be breastfed/bottle fed to initiate sleep (P<0.05) and that the children with a younger age were also more likely to be rocked/held to initiate sleep (P<0.05). The multiple linear regression analysis showed that sleep initiation with breastfeeding/bottle feeding significantly increased the number of nighttime awakenings (P<0.05).
Conclusions: Most infants and young children initiate sleep by being breastfed/bottle fed, rocked/held, or accompanied. The sleep initiation pattern is associated with the age of children and whether they are still breastfeeding. Sleep initiation with breastfeeding/bottle feeding can increase the number of nighttime awakenings. io.
目的: 了解婴幼儿入睡方式现状、入睡方式的影响因素及其对睡眠质量的影响。方法: 选取暨南大学附属深圳市宝安区妇幼保健院生长发育门诊体检的521名0~35月龄婴幼儿为研究对象，采用自制问卷和简明婴儿睡眠问卷收集其一般家庭情况、养育行为及近1周的睡眠情况等，采用多因素logistic回归分析评估婴幼儿入睡方式的影响因素，采用多元线性回归分析评估入睡方式对夜醒次数的影响。结果: 521名婴幼儿中，奶睡258例（49.5%），抱睡62例（11.9%），自行入睡39例（7.5%），父母陪伴入睡162例（31.1%）。多因素logistic回归分析显示，目前仍在母乳喂养的婴幼儿和月龄较小的婴幼儿奶睡概率较高（P<0.05），月龄较小的婴幼儿抱睡概率亦较高（P<0.05）。多元线性回归分析显示，奶睡显著增加婴幼儿夜醒次数（P<0.05）。结论: 婴幼儿以奶睡、抱睡及父母陪伴入睡等入睡方式居多；入睡方式与月龄及目前是否仍在母乳喂养相关；奶睡会增加婴幼儿夜醒次数。.
Keywords: Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire; Infant and young child; Sleep initiation pattern; Sleep quality.