Switchable deep eutectic solvent-based homogenous liquid-liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection for the determination of the chiral fungicide mefentrifluconazole in water, fruit juice, and fermented liquor

Chirality. 2022 Jul;34(7):968-976. doi: 10.1002/chir.23445. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Abstract

A switchable deep eutectic solvent-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction (SDES-HLLME) technique was developed and combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-diode-array detection for the determination of the chiral fungicide mefentrifluconazole. A (green) SDES was synthesized from 4-methoxyphenyl and 3-amino-1-propanol and used as an extraction solvent (thus avoiding the use of toxic extraction solvents). To improve the efficiency of the extraction process, a hydrophobic extraction solvent was subsequently generated in situ by adjusting the pH. The detection process is linear in the range of 0.01 to 1 μg ml-1 . The limit of detection and limit of quantification were determined to be 0.003 and 0.01 μg ml-1 , respectively. Recovery rates of 79.2% to 104.6% were acquired with relative standard deviations of 0.6% to 2.5%. The method is fast, simple, and environmentally friendly. Moreover, it was successfully used to enantioselectively determine the concentrations of mefentrifluconazole residues in water, fruit juice, and fermented liquor samples.

Keywords: HPLC; chirality; homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction; mefentrifluconazole; switchable deep eutectic solvent.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / methods
  • Deep Eutectic Solvents
  • Fluconazole / analogs & derivatives
  • Fruit and Vegetable Juices
  • Fungicides, Industrial*
  • Limit of Detection
  • Liquid Phase Microextraction* / methods
  • Solvents / chemistry
  • Stereoisomerism
  • Water

Substances

  • Deep Eutectic Solvents
  • Fungicides, Industrial
  • Solvents
  • mefentrifluconazole
  • Water
  • Fluconazole