Complex Formation Among TGF-β Receptors in Live Cell Membranes Measured by Patch-FRAP

Methods Mol Biol. 2022:2488:23-34. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-2277-3_3.

Abstract

Signaling by receptors from the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily plays critical roles in multiple physiological and pathological processes. Their signaling requires complex formation between type I and type II receptors with Ser/Thr kinase activity, whereby the type II receptor phosphorylates and activates the relevant type I receptor(s), which transduces downstream signaling. It is therefore important to study complex formation among receptors from this family. In the current chapter, we use the type I (ALK5) and type II TGF-β receptors (TβRI and TβRII) as an example for measuring complex formation among cell-surface receptors in live cells by patch-FRAP, a variation of fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP).

Keywords: FRAP; Lateral diffusion; Patch-FRAP; Photobleaching; Receptor complex formation; Transforming growth factor-β receptors.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Phosphorylation
  • Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction / physiology
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta* / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta
  • Transforming Growth Factor beta