Impact of Malnutrition on Prognosis and Coronary Artery Calcification in Patients with Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract

Nutritional status is an important factor affecting prognosis of cardiovascular diseases. We compared major cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) between the malnutrition (geriatric nutritional risk index <92) and non-malnutrition (geriatric nutritional risk index ≥92) groups in 500 stable coronary artery disease patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention and evaluated coronary calcification by intravascular ultrasound. Incidences of all-cause death and MACCE differed between the malnutrition and non-malnutrition groups (22% vs 5%, P < 0.001 and 24% vs 6%, P < 0.001). In multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression, malnutrition significantly correlated with all-cause death (P = 0.006) and MACCE (P = 0.010). The proportion of moderate/severe calcification differed between the malnutrition (64%) and non-malnutrition groups (33%, P < 0.001). Multivariate logistic analysis identified age (P < 0.001), malnutrition (P = 0.048), and hemodialysis (P < 0.001) as significantly related to moderate/severe calcification. Malnutrition was an independent risk factor for all-cause death and MACCE in coronary artery disease patients after percutaneous coronary intervention and was associated with moderately/severely calcified lesions.