Prevalence, emotional and follow-up burden of insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries among clinical nurses in Shaanxi Province, west of China: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

Aims and objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence, emotional and follow-up burden of insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries among clinical nurses.

Background: needle-stick injures introduce statistically significant occupational hazards to healthcare workers. Although the large proportion of the needles injuries attributed to insulin injection, research evidence about the prevalence, emotional and follow-up burden of such injures is lacking.

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: 5389 nurses were recruited from 45 hospitals in Shaanxi, China, from November 2018 to July 2019. Participants were administrated with a questionnaire specifically developed for this study. Descriptive statistics were used to present the findings.

Results: All 5,389 nurses responded to the survey, of which 396 (7.4%) participants experienced 620 insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries in the past year, representing an annual prevalence of 115.0 per 1000 nurses. The annual prevalence of infection caused by the injuries was 18.7 per 1000 nurses. The injuries occurred most frequently when nurses were recapping the needle (42.4%). In the majority (98.4%) of the injuries, the hurt nurses took proper immediate actions. However, only 30.3% of nurses reported the injuries to the administrative staff, and in 43.2% of the injuries, the nurses refused or discontinued the suggested follow-up. A large proportion (58.6%) of the hurt nurses experienced emotional changes. Multivariate logistic regression showed that department, removing and/or setting back needle caps with bare hands, frequency of insulin pen and syringes are associated with the incidence of insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries. This paper is reported following the STROBE recommendations.

Conclusions: This survey demonstrated a considerably high prevalence of insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries among clinical nurses. Even though the majority of the hurt nurses took proper immediate actions, a large quantity of them failed to report the accidents to the administrative staff and complete the suggested follow-up. Nurses who suffered from insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries were subject to various negative emotional changes. It portends a statistically significant risk to occupational health management for nurses.

Relevance to clinical practice: Scientific preventive and management strategies are desirable in order to minimize the consequences of insulin injection-related needle-stick injuries.

Keywords: insulin injection; needle-sticks injuries; nurse.