Identification of four patterns for self-management behaviors in clients with schizophrenia: A cross-sectional study

Abstract

This study aimed to describe different patterns of self-management behaviors among clients with schizophrenia in China. Two hundred twenty-eight clients with schizophrenia living in eight communities of Beijing were investigated using the Self-Management Instrument for Persons with Schizophrenia and a Demographic and Clinical Characteristics Questionnaire. Cluster analysis was performed to categorize the data. Four distinct self-management behavior patterns and variables of clients associated with non-adherent self-management were identified. The self-management behaviors and demographic characteristics were similar in each pattern but different among patterns. These findings could guide the development of more personalized and cost-effective self-management interventions for different patterns of clients in the future.

Keywords: Behavior patterns; Cluster analysis; Medication adherence; Schizophrenia; Self-management.