Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate platelet (PLT) concentration, mean platelet volume (MPV), PLT aggregation and its velocity in pregnancy complicated with fetal growth restriction (FGR) and to analyze the PLT aggregation according to the gestational age and Doppler velocimetry.
Material and methods: The study group included 29 pregnant women diagnosed with FGR. The control group-consisted of 27 females in uncomplicated pregnancy. Then both groups were divided according to the gestational week (< and ≥ 36 weeks) and Doppler velocimetry results. The adenosine diphosphate (ADP) induced PLT aggregation was performed with the help of the electrical impedance.
Results: There was a significant positive correlation between gestational age and PLT aggregation and between gestational age and velocity of PLT aggregation in FGR. Patients with FGR ≥ 36 weeks of gestation had 73% higher PLT aggregation than control group. Within the FGR group, the PLT aggregation was 135% higher in pregnancies ≥ 36 weeks as compared to < 36 weeks of gestation. In FGR pregnancies ≥ 36 weeks with impaired flow in both uterine arteries (UtA), 2.3-fold higher PLT aggregation was found as compared to FGR patients with normal flow or abnormal flow in one UtA.
Conclusions: The increased PLT aggregation in FGR is related to gestational week and occurs in pregnancies ≥ 36 weeks of gestation. The PLT hyperaggregability in growth-restricted pregnancies is associated with abnormal Doppler velocimetry in both UtA, comparing to patients with altered blood flow in one UtA or normal pulsatility index in both UtA, suggesting the PLT activation due to impaired uteroplacental circulation.
Keywords: ADP-induced platelet aggregation; fetal growth restriction; mean platelet volume; platelet aggregation; platelet concentration; velocity of platelet aggregation.