Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among first-trimester pregnant women during the second wave of the pandemic in India

Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2023 Jan;160(1):74-78. doi: 10.1002/ijgo.14189. Epub 2022 Apr 16.

Abstract

Objective: Data on the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy are lacking and the potential role and effect of SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in pregnancy is yet to be completely investigated.

Method: This is a cross-sectional observational study wherein pregnant women were tested for SARS-CoV-2 immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G levels, irrespective of their infective status or presence or symptomatology.

Result: Of the 220 pregnant women tested, 160 (72.7%) were SARS-CoV-2 IgG positive, 37 (16.8%) were SARS-CoV-2 IgM positive and 27 (16.9%) were both IgG and IgM positive. The average antibody titer found was 10.49 BAU/ml (±14.0) and 0.6 (±0.55) for anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG and IgM non neutralizing antibodies respectively. ROC analysis for SARS-CoV-2 IgG positivity showed a cut-off value of 1.19 with a sensitivity of 99.3% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI) and specificity of 98.3% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI), respectively. Similarly, ROC analysis for SARS-CoV-2 IgM positivity showed a cut-off value of 1 with a sensitivity of 97.3% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI) and specificity of 98.9% (0.99 AUC, 95% CI), respectively.

Conclusion: First trimester sero-molecular screening suggests a high prevalence of COVID antibodies in the study population of pregnant women in the first trimester, without the patients being symptomatic.

Keywords: COVID; SARS-CoV-2; first trimester; pandemic; pregnancy; seroprevalence; wave.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Antibodies, Viral
  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M
  • India / epidemiology
  • Pandemics
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Trimester, First
  • Pregnant Women*
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Seroepidemiologic Studies

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Immunoglobulin M