Cross-sectional survey of SARS-CoV-2 testing at US airports and one health department's proactive management of travelers

Anna Shaum; Argelia Figueroa; Danica Lee; Allison Ertl; Erin Rothney; Denise Borntrager; Emily Davenport; Reena K Gulati; Clive M Brown

doi:10.1186/s40794-022-00164-8

Cross-sectional survey of SARS-CoV-2 testing at US airports and one health department's proactive management of travelers

Trop Dis Travel Med Vaccines. 2022 Mar 20;8(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40794-022-00164-8.

Authors

Anna Shaum¹, Argelia Figueroa², Danica Lee³, Allison Ertl², Erin Rothney², Denise Borntrager², Emily Davenport², Reena K Gulati^{2

4}, Clive M Brown²

Affiliations

¹ Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. nla9@cdc.gov.
² Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.
³ Division of Public Health Investigations, Denver Department of Public Health and Environment, 101 W Colfax Ave, Denver, CO, 80202, USA.
⁴ Current affiliation: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, 500 Fifth Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.

Abstract

Background: Many health departments and private enterprises began offering SARS-CoV-2 testing to travelers at US airports in 2020. Persons with positive SARS-CoV-2 test results who have planned upcoming travel may be subject to US federal public health travel restrictions. We assessed availability of testing for SARS-CoV-2 at major US airports. We then describe the management of cases and close contacts at Denver International Airport's testing site.

Methods: We selected 100 US airports. Online surveys were conducted during November-December 2020 and assessed availability of testing for air travelers, flight crew, and airport employees. Respondents included health department (HD) staff or airport directors. We analyzed testing data and management practices for persons who tested positive and their close contacts at one airport (Denver International) from 12/21/2020 to 3/31/2021.

Results: Among the 100 selected airports, we received information on 77 airports; 38 (49%) had a testing site and several more planned to offer one (N = 7; 9%). Most sites began testing in the fall of 2020. The most frequently offered tests were RT-PCR or other NAAT tests (N = 28). Denver International Airport offered voluntary SARS-CoV-2 testing. Fifty-four people had positive results among 5724 tests conducted from 12/21/2020 to 3/31/2021 for a total positivity of < 1%. Of these, 15 were travelers with imminent flights. The Denver HD issued an order requiring the testing site to immediately report cases and notify airlines to cancel upcoming flight itineraries for infected travelers and their traveling close contacts, minimizing the use of federal travel restrictions.

Conclusions: As of December 2020, nearly half of surveyed US airports had SARS-CoV-2 testing sites. Such large-scale adoption of airport testing for a communicable disease is unprecedented and presents new challenges for travelers, airlines, airports, and public health authorities. This assessment was completed before the US and other countries began enforcing entry testing requirements; testing at airports will likely increase as travel demand returns and test requirements for travel evolve. Lessons from Denver demonstrate how HDs can play a key role in engaging airport testing sites to ensure people who test positive for SARS-CoV-2 immediately before travel do not travel on commercial aircraft.

Keywords: Air travel; Airports; COVID-19; Management; SARS-CoV-2.