The aetiopathogenesis of vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia

Clin Med (Lond). 2022 Mar;22(2):140-144. doi: 10.7861/clinmed.2022-0006. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Abstract

In the new science emanating from the COVID-19 pandemic, effective vaccine development has made a huge difference and saved countless lives. Vaccine roll-out led to the identification of rare cases of severe thrombotic and thrombocytopenic problems in some recipients. This apparent coupling of thrombosis with haemorrhagic potentiation might seem baffling but the ensuing clinical investigation rapidly shed important light on its molecular mechanism. This review outlines the current understanding on the role of adenovirus-based platforms, the immunogenic triggers and the immunothrombotic response underlying vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Keywords: COVID-19; Fc-gamma-RIIa; adenovirus vaccines; platelet factor-4; vaccine-induced immune thrombotic thrombocytopenia.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • COVID-19 Vaccines / adverse effects
  • COVID-19* / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Pandemics
  • SARS-CoV-2
  • Thrombocytopenia* / chemically induced
  • Thrombosis*
  • Vaccines* / adverse effects

Substances

  • COVID-19 Vaccines
  • Vaccines