Isomaltulose is a low glycemic and insulinaemic carbohydrate now used as an alternative sweetener in beverages. However, it remains unclear if hydration status may be impacted differently with the consumption of beverages containing isomaltulose as compared to sucrose, a common beverage sweetener. Thirteen young adults (7 women) consumed 1 L of a carbohydrate beverage (with low electrolyte content) containing either 6.5%-sucrose, 6.5%-isomaltulose, or water within a 15 min period. For each beverage, beverage hydration index (BHI, a composite measure of fluid balance after consuming a test beverage relative to water) was calculated from urine volume produced over a 3 h period following ingestion of the carbohydrate beverages relative to water. The change in plasma volume (ΔPV), blood glucose, and lactate concentrations were assessed every 30 min post-beverage consumption. Isomaltulose ingestion attenuated urine production as compared to water and sucrose (P ≤ 0.005) over the 3 h post-ingestion period. However, no differences were observed between sucrose and water (P = 0.055). BHI was 1.53 ± 0.44 for isomaltulose (P ≤ 0.022 vs. sucrose and water) and 1.20±0.29 for sucrose (P = 0.210 vs. water). A transient reduction in ΔPV was observed following the ingestion of the isomaltulose beverage (at 30 min, P = 0.007 vs. sucrose). Thereafter, no differences in ΔPV between beverages were measured. Increases in blood glucose and lactate, indices of absorption and utility of glucose, were delayed in the isomaltulose as compared to sucrose beverage. In summary, we demonstrated a greater BHI with a carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage containing isomaltulose as compared to sucrose. This may in part be attributed to a delayed absorption of isomaltulose reducing diuresis.
Keywords: Fluid balance; Hyperhydration; Palatinose; Rehydration; Sports drink; Water consumption.
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