​Circulating Cytokines in Myocardial Infarction Are Associated With Coronary Blood Flow

Anna Kalinskaya; Oleg Dukhin; Anna Lebedeva; Elena Maryukhnich; Georgy Rusakovich; Daria Vorobyeva; Alexander Shpektor; Leonid Margolis; Elena Vasilieva

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.837642

Circulating Cytokines in Myocardial Infarction Are Associated With Coronary Blood Flow

Front Immunol. 2022 Feb 15:13:837642. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.837642. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Anna Kalinskaya^{1

2}, Oleg Dukhin^{1

2}, Anna Lebedeva¹, Elena Maryukhnich¹, Georgy Rusakovich¹, Daria Vorobyeva¹, Alexander Shpektor^{1

2}, Leonid Margolis³, Elena Vasilieva^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Atherothrombosis, Cardiology Department, Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry, Moscow, Russia.
² Clinical City Hospital named after I.V. Davydovsky, Moscow Department of Healthcare, Moscow, Russia.
³ Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Abstract

Background: The level of systemic inflammation correlates with the severity of the clinical course of acute myocardial infarction (AMI). It has been shown that circulating cytokines and endothelial dysfunction play an important role in the process of clot formation. The aim of our study was to assess the concentration of various circulating cytokines, endothelial function and blood clotting in AMI patients depending on the blood flow through the infarction-related artery (IRA).

Methods: We included 75 patients with AMI. 58 presented with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and 17 had non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (non-STEMI). A flow-mediated dilation test (FMD test), thrombodynamics and rotational thromboelastometry as well as assessment of 14 serum cytokines using xMAP technology were performed.

Findings: Non-STEMI-patients were characterized by higher levels of MDC, MIP-1β, TNF-α. Moreover, we observed that patients with impaired blood flow through the IRA (TIMI flow 0-1) had higher average and initial clot growth rates, earlier onset of spontaneous clots, C-reactive protein (CRP) and IL-10 compared to patients with preserved blood flow through the IRA (TIMI flow 2-3). Patients with TIMI 2-3 blood flow had higher level of IP-10. IL-10 correlated with CRP and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels, initial clot growth rate and clot lysis time in TIMI 0-1 patients. All these differences were statistically significant.

Interpretation: We demonstrated that concentrations of the inflammatory cytokines correlate not only with the form of myocardial infarction (STEMI or non-STEMI), but also with the blood flow through the infarct-related artery. Inflammatory response, functional state of endothelium, and clot formation are closely linked with each other. A combination of these parameters affects the patency of the infarct-related artery.

Keywords: clot formation; cytokines; endothelium; inflammation; myocardial infarction.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Intramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cytokines
Humans
Infarction
Interleukin-10
Myocardial Infarction*
Non-ST Elevated Myocardial Infarction*
ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction*

Substances

Cytokines
Interleukin-10