Enhancing Tumor Content through Tumor Macrodissection

J Vis Exp. 2022 Feb 12:(180):10.3791/62961. doi: 10.3791/62961.

Abstract

The presence of contaminating non-tumor tissues in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissues can greatly undermine genomic studies. Herein we describe macrodissection, a method designed to augment the percentage tumor content of a tissue specimen by removing and eliminating unwanted tissue prior to performing downstream nucleic acid extractions. FFPE tissue blocks were sectioned to produce 4-5 µm slide-mounted tissue sections. A representative section was submitted for hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and subsequently reviewed by a board-certified pathologist. During the review, the pathologist identified and marked the regions of tumor tissue in the H&E. Once complete, the demarked H&E was used to guide resection of the serial unstained sections from the same tissue block. To demonstrate the effects of macrodissection, RNA extracted from matched macrodissected and non-dissected Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphomas (DLBCL) were run on a digital gene expression assay capable of determining DLBCL subtype and BCL2 translocation status. The results showed that macrodissection changed the subtype or BCL2 translocation status calls in 60% of the samples examined. In conclusion, macrodissection is a simple and effective method for performing tumor enrichment prior to nucleic acid extractions, the product of which can then be confidently used in downstream genomic studies.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Video-Audio Media

MeSH terms

  • Dissection
  • Formaldehyde
  • Genomics
  • Humans
  • Neoplasms*
  • Paraffin Embedding / methods
  • RNA / genetics
  • Tissue Fixation / methods

Substances

  • Formaldehyde
  • RNA