Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Immunomodulatory Effects and Potential Applications in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Shaojun Hu; Hongyuan Xing; Jiangnan Zhang; Zemin Zhu; Ying Yin; Ning Zhang; Yiying Qi

doi:10.1155/2022/7538025

Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles: Immunomodulatory Effects and Potential Applications in Intervertebral Disc Degeneration

Stem Cells Int. 2022 Feb 18:2022:7538025. doi: 10.1155/2022/7538025. eCollection 2022.

Authors

Shaojun Hu¹, Hongyuan Xing¹, Jiangnan Zhang², Zemin Zhu³, Ying Yin⁴, Ning Zhang¹, Yiying Qi¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Orthopedics, 2nd Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 88 Jiefang Road, Zhejiang, 310009 Hangzhou, China.
² Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Wenling 1st People's Hospital, 190 Taiping South Road, Wenling, 317500 Zhejiang, China.
³ People's Hospital of Changxing County, Changxing, 313100 Zhejiang Province, China.
⁴ Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Zhongda Hospital of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210000 Jiangsu, China.

Abstract

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degenerative disease is a common health problem worldwide. Administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) has been widely explored in recent years. However, transplantation of MSCs is restricted by several factors. Currently, paracrine signaling is one of the main mechanisms by which MSCs play a therapeutic role in disc regeneration. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are the main paracrine products of MSCs. They show great potential as an effective alternative to MSCs and play immunomodulation roles such as anti-inflammatory effects, antioxidative stress, antiapoptosis, and antiextracellular matrix (ECM) degradation during treatment of IVDD. This review focuses on the immunomodulatory effect of MSC EVs and their potential applications.

Publication types

Review